The National Museum is quietly changing: From the face of ** to the display of luxury goods

In the Chinese National Museum with a building area of ​​nearly 200,000 square meters, you can see the yellowed last emperor's letter of abdication, the microphone used by Mao Zedong in the Founding Ceremony, and the ballpoint pen used by Yang Liwei when the Shenzhou V was flying in space. .

Not only that, you can also see Louis Vuitton Limited Edition handbags that “make women all over the world scream.”

This lady's hand bag with red cherries is just one of the nearly 200 exhibits of the exhibition called "Louis Vuitton Art Space Travel." This is the largest exhibition organized by Louis Vuitton in 157 years of history. It is also the first time for the National Museum to hold a brand design exhibition.

"The times are different!" said an old man who once worked in the Chinese Museum of History. In 2003, it was on the basis of the Chinese Museum of History and the China Museum of Art that the National Museum of China was established. In early March of this year, after four years of expansion projects costing 2.5 billion yuan, the new museum of the National Museum, which has the world's largest construction area, was opened to the public for the first time.

In this place where the current curator Lu Zhangshen is likened to "China's Ancestral Temple" and "the highest temple of history and culture", people are accustomed to seeing the "face of the struggle" and the "expression of reform and opening up," but it is still the first. Once tasted "the taste of luxury goods." Just as a mirror, the nearly 100-year history of this national museum reflects the changes in China’s image over the past century.

Museums at the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic mostly followed the former Soviet Union model. They had a deep ideological taste and were given many political missions. When the predecessor of the National Museum was established in 1912, the National Museum of History, Louis Vuitton had already set foot in China. land. In 1907, an expedition from Paris crossed the Gobi Desert and brought Louis Vuitton suitcases to Beijing at a temperature of minus 35 degrees Celsius. Explorers may not be able to imagine that more than 100 years later, these bags bearing the “LV” logo will enter the highest-level museum that symbolizes the country’s face.

On October 1, 1949, on the same day that the People’s Republic of China was proclaimed, the “National Museum” once belonged to the “****” was renamed the “Beijing History Museum” under the Ministry of Culture of the Central People's Government.

According to Su Donghai, a researcher at the National Museum of China and former director of the Museum of China’s Museum of Modern China, for the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society of China, the purpose of the museum was to open up people’s wisdom, save the country, and save the museum. Most museums in the beginning of the founding of New China followed. In the former Soviet Union model, "the ideological flavor was very strong" and "had been given many political missions."

Today, the 84-year-old man has retired at home. In his home at the front door, looking out from a window in the living room, it was a renovated national museum. In this place where the pictures of the land reform movement, the Red Guards tabloid, and the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee were recorded, the suitcases used by the Queen Napoleon III of France and the cabinets for the world famous violin Stradivarius were set up. And the world's first bed box and other rare Louis Vuitton collections.

At the end of May, celebrities, supermodels, variety show hosts and other fashion celebrities walked across the red carpet one by one at the opening ceremony of "Louis Vuitton Art Space Travel." This "star-studded" scene is simply unimaginable in the era of museums and history museums. “At that time, Louis Vuitton was not mentioned, and even foreign exhibits were rare.” One of the parties recalled that “Old Guobo” only exhibited Yugoslav’s “People’s Hero” Tito and the first Western journalist to interview the Shensi district in Shaanxi and Gansu. The "red exhibition" of Nono et al.

In 1950, the "Central Government Museum Preparation Office" was established. Unlike the History Museum which mainly displays ancient Chinese history, the ** Museum mainly displays the history of Chinese ** and ** party history. In March of this year, in order to coordinate with political movements and ideological reforms, the ** Museum Preparation Office also held the “Mei Jiang Special Agent Exhibition”.

This museum, which has political education as the first function, houses the first five-star red flag that was hoisted in the square when Li Dazhao’s gallows were killed, Liu Hulan’s sickle was killed, and the founding ceremony was held.

These ** cultural relics were all collected from across the country in the name of the "Central Government Administration Office." Including the exhibition at the Museum of History, Siding’s mother, Wuding, was also transferred from Henan. However, this bronze ware known as a textbook for elementary schools "is initially large in size and has a benchmarking significance. Artisticity is secondarily considered."

“The peasant uprising is not easy to display in kind, because most of them have been smashed, and even a corpse capital cannot be found, so they can only make false matches and find some paintings that later generations imagined, such as Huang Chao, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty. Can only find a picture of the legendary martyrdom place up." A party recalled.

In 1958, in order to meet the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided at the Beidaihe Conference to build the Chinese Museum of History and the China Museum on the eastern side of the planned Square, opposite the Great Hall of the People.

In order to build a new museum, the central government set up a leading group for the construction of the museum headed by Qian Junrui of the Ministry of Culture and Wang Jianqiu, head of the Bureau of Cultural Relics, to build a leading group office. A year later, after the exhibition was reviewed by the Central People's Government, Mao Zedong's ** line was not prominent, the line of display was too long, the momentum was not enough, and the opening to the outside world was not approved. The Central Government also set up a new leadership group led by Lu Dingyi and Kang Sheng, and proposed the 16-character principle of “highlighting the red line, highlighting the major issues, strengthening the momentum, and shortening the exhibition line.” The “red line” refers to Mao Zedong Thought. .

"Sometimes, in order to highlight the 'red line', things that are often not done also have to be done," said Su Donghai.

After more than a year of hard work, the "China History Exhibition" was personally verified by Deng Xiaoping. It officially opened to the public on July 1, 1961 and the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. Deng Xiaoping personally wrote the name of the museum.

Today we are an open and world-oriented China, and we call the Museum of History inconsistent with China’s image. These past history are unfamiliar to 22-year old Renmin University student Chen Chen. On a Friday morning, she and her classmates came to the exhibition site. "I don't think my age is suitable for a back LV." She said she stared intently at a Louis Vuitton vanity case full of crystal jars, urns, or scorpions.

This girl who was born in the era of reform and opening up, is familiar with Louis Vuitton's famous luxury brands like Chanel and Cartier. In fact, she herself carries a coach handbag worth more than a thousand dollars.

She may find it hard to imagine how Louis Vuitton's first store in mainland China was brought to Beijing in 1992 when it was unveiled at the Beijing Wangfu Peninsula Hotel. At that time, the average monthly wages of citizens in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai were almost only 200 yuan. The Economic Daily has complained that the Scitech shopping center that sells foreign brands is "too outrageous."

When the entire country was changed by a concept called "reform and opening up," the national museum representing the country's face quietly changed. On October 1, 1979, the basic display of China History Museum was reopened after revision. People’s Daily, Guangming Daily and other media reported that the new display embodies the tradition of seeking truth from facts, breaking through the restricted area, and reflecting the history of the party according to its historical appearance. One of the most remarkable is the photo of the meeting of the "7th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party" held in 1945. Liu Shao-chi was impressively included. This news quickly spread widely in society. People know that Liu Shaoqi will be rehabilitated.

In 1983, the Chinese History Museum also began to revise the display of China's general history, "mainly to eliminate the influence of the cultural left-wing". This year, the two museums that had merged since 1969 were once again separated and restored to independent systems.

According to one party’s recall, the past history of China’s general exhibition, “to smash and repair capital,” and to break the dynasty system, adopted an exhibition system based on peasant warfare, turning an ancient history into an ancient peasant war history. After the plan was rejected by Zhou Enlai, it only basically restored the original system. However, in order to suppress the disappointment of the emperor, basically no image of the emperor will appear."

Since 1982, the History Museum has opened an 800-square-meter exhibition hall to introduce special exhibitions of local museums, such as the “Henan Archeology Discovery Exhibition” jointly organized with the Henan Institute of Archeology, and jointly organizing with Zhenjiang City Government and Zhenjiang Museum. The “Zhenjiang Cultural Relics Exhibition” and the exhibition “Zhenjiang Today” were displayed.

“Tourism has started to develop. People will ask why you are always an exhibition. Why are there no new things?” explained the retired staff of a history museum. “As there was a lot of new archeological discoveries at the time, we decided to change our thinking. ."

Su Donghai said that the ** museum has also undergone changes in its overall structure: it was the history of old-fashioned communism, the history of neo-Koreanism, socialism and construction, and it has now become modern China and contemporary China also expands its content from politics to economy and culture.

In 2003, the history museums and museums that had been grouped together over the past 50 years were re-announced and renamed as "National Museums." For this title, the director of the library, Lu Zhangshen, explained that “When a national leader visits a foreign country, he feels that museums are both historical and artistic, and they are comprehensive museums. If we call it the History Museum, it’s called the “Xinkan”. It may be Now that China's image does not match, now we are an open China and a China that is going to the world."

As an increasingly powerful country, China is showing an increasingly self-confident, calm and elegant expression. The country behind China's new business card has long been no longer considered as a "petty petty bourgeois mood." Standing beside a car travel case designed by Louis Vuitton, the security guard of the National Museum said quietly: "Of course, I also want to have a LV bag and work hard!" The 18-year-old Northeast girl was the earliest When I was in high school, I learned about this brand through Korean idol drama.

Her dream is being realized by people who have gradually become rich in this country. According to a study recently published by consulting firm Bain, the surge in luxury sales worldwide this year was mainly driven by the Chinese market’s growth rate of US$15 billion and double digits. The World Luxury Goods Association has issued a report a few days ago that China is expected to surpass Japan as soon as next year and become the world’s largest consumer of luxury goods.

In addition to Louis Vuitton, Dior launched a multimedia photography exhibition in Shanghai in mid-May to showcase its "Lady Dior" line of handbags. Earlier this year, American designer von Fürstenberg opened her exhibition “The Journey of Clothes” in Beijing’s 798 Art District.

However, the gap between the lives of these luxury goods and the lives of ordinary people has stung people's nerves. At the end of March, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Industry and Commerce announced on its website that it prohibits outdoor advertising to promote hedonisticism, respect for foreign affairs, etc. Two months later, Louis Vuitton Company, a suitcase with a height of about 20 meters, was ordered by the Shanghai Municipal Government to be dismantled because it violated the Shanghai Outdoor Advertising Standard.

Perhaps, when this luxury goods representative boarded the palace of the Chinese National Museum, it also caused special controversy. Some people questioned the commercial brand in a public-welcome museum with “can afford to afford it and can’t afford it”.

The U.S. "Wall Street Journal" commented that many people doubt whether luxury brands have the credibility of defining their own products as works of art. Louis Vuitton caused controversy when it opened the art gallery at its flagship store on the Champs Elysées in Paris. In an exhibition, many nude black and white women used their bodies to spell the letters "L" and "V."

Su Donghai does not think it is necessary to make a fuss. In this exhibition, both the Yangshao Cultural representative's face-painted fish-patterned pots and pottery, as well as the museum of iron balls mined from a certain area of ​​Hebei during the iron and steel period, he believes that this is exactly the same as the history and the arts proposed by the director of the museum. The embodiment of development.

Today, the "General History of China" display replaced by "Ancient China" has long ceased to have the words "Kong Lao Er" and "a decadent feudal emperor's life." Instead, it is "a comprehensive demonstration of the brilliant achievements of the Chinese nation and The great contribution to the development of human civilization."

The "Rejuvenation Road" replaces the "Chinese Communist Party History" and becomes the basic display of the National Museum. This large-scale exhibition that occupies three floors and eight exhibition halls is no longer the language of the “old-fashioned **ism” and the “new-stardom **” narration, but rather “a semi-feudal "Semi-colonial society" and "exploring the path to saving the country" show the narratives.

For these disputes, Tatiana, a girl from Russia, saw even more. She accidentally discovered this exhibition on the way to “see Mao Mao”. The foreign student smiled and said: "Nothing strange. On the Red Square in Moscow, opposite to the remains of Lenin, there is also a big shopping mall selling Louis Vuitton and other international big names."

She may not even know that in the 1960s and 1970s, foreigners like her might have been introduced to the Museum if they came from friendly countries such as the Third World; if they came from developed capitalism such as Europe and America. The country will be introduced to the History Museum to visit.

“These changes reflect the growing direction of the Chinese National Museum’s increasingly open, inclusive and pluralistic development,” commented a cultural researcher. “It also reflects that China, as an increasingly powerful country, is showing growing confidence, calm and grace. Look."

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