Museum exhibits of various cultural relics made us marvel at our ancestors' wisdom and craftsmanship. There were also many artifacts discovered in Meishan some time ago. What is the status of the damaged cultural relics after archaeological excavations in Meishan? Was it abandoned or was the expert's skill to restore the millennium solidification history?
Restoration of cultural relics was carried out on June 15. The sun was blazing, and the high temperature of 34°C made people speak too hot. However, in a small old courtyard in Sansui, trivial restoration of cultural relics is intensifying.
“This is the cultural relics of the Song Dynasty temple sites discovered in the Meishan district some time ago. Because many of them are fragments, we are undergoing repairs. In three months, we will complete nearly 200 pieces of cultural relics.†Liu Liangyong stopped the tool in hand and told reporters. Liu Liangyong said that he and the other two technicians who repaired artifacts are just like surgeons. They use special methods to perform operations on damaged cultural relics so that they can restore their old style.
"We only spliced ​​the pot for a week." He placed the porcelain jar under a lamp and carefully examined the tightness of each joint. “Each scrap is unique, and every piece of mosaic will be searched from thousands of pieces. Only parts that cannot be found will be replaced with gypsum.†Liu Liangyong holds a porcelain can that he has just finished repairing. The cotton swab rubs a little dirt off the can.
It is reported that the excavation of the last archaeological site ended, and the fragments of the artifacts arrived in batches in Susan. The smallest piece of debris was only the size of the fingernail, and the largest was the size of the basin.
“First, we must pick out the same piece of cultural relics from tens or hundreds of pieces.†At a large table in the studio, the reporter saw a pile of ceramic fragments, namely pots, incense burners, and plates. Bowls and other artifacts mouth, feet and other different parts. Liu Liangyong looked at this carefully and took a look at it. After a while, he divided the pile of debris into several piles.
“The selection of films should be done from the rough to the fine. First, through the knowledge and experience of the cultural relics accumulated by the filmmaker for many years, the fragments should be roughly classified according to the characteristics of the times; then the fragments should be further sorted by looking at the shape; then the fragments should be observed. The ornamentation drawn on the painting will be used to group the stylized rendering style and the patchwork with the same hue; for the grouped fragments, it is also necessary to carefully examine the texture of the fracture surface. The fragments with different texture and thickness do not naturally belong to the same artifact, Liu Liangyong said.
The reporter saw that there have been dozens of relics that have been repaired, such as bowls for drinking tea in the Song Dynasty, oysters (now guagua), tea pots, and binaural jars.
"Jigsaw Puzzle" is divided into six steps: excavation, washing, glueing, plastering, gypsum dressing, etc.. The outsiders seem to be simple, but the restoration of the cultural relics is definitely not a mechanical repair. “It is like doing a jigsaw puzzle.†Liu Liangyong used pottery as an example to brief reporters on the process of cultural relics repair.
The first step, cleaning. First wash the pottery with clean water, and wash out the soluble salts attached to the pottery pieces to reduce potential safety hazards that may occur to pottery in the future.
The second step, reinforcement. Some pottery pieces are soft and soft, and in order to increase the strength of the pottery, they are usually reinforced with polymer materials and dried.
The third step, stitching. Find the edge of the mouth or the bottom first and stick them one by one. One of the glues is the door, “the university asks,†and the glue between the two pieces of pottery cannot be too much, and more will be stained on the surface, but not too little and less sticky.
The fourth step, complementing. After splicing is completed, it is often impossible to form a complete artifact, and some parts are still missing. At this time, it is necessary to use plaster to repair the missing part and restore the original shape of the artifact.
The fifth step, trimming. Greasing and trimming the gypsum matching part with sandpaper to make the surface of the article look completely clean.
Step six, do the old. Among the repairs, the most difficult is to do the old treatment, not only to protect the cultural relics from damage, but also to maintain the coordination of the appearance and color of the cultural relics. This is a detailed task. In order to maintain the consistency of the color, the repairer must repeatedly paint the paint. When the colors were tuned, we began to dig into the old: the toothbrush was stained with pigment, and the scalpel was quickly scraped with a scalpel to spray the paint on the surface of the pottery. In this way, the restoration of a pottery was completed.
“It's summer, it's dry time, it's good for repairs. So we have to seize the time, and with the other digging points, we have a lot of responsibility to repair.â€
However, for some cultural relics, there are only a few fragments. For these artifacts, molds are required. "Making molds with plasticine is the easiest way," the staff member Zhang told reporters.
“First use a piece of plasticine to put it in a plastic bag, place it in the interior of the cultural relics, press hard to get the “intrinsic film†of the artifacts, and then use another piece of plasticine to wrap it around the artifacts so that you can get the “outer membrane†of the artifacts. Dry the two plastic clays and dry them. After overlapping, add gypsum to the gaps. Finally, you can get the molds that the outer film wants. For some of the more complicated molds, we use cement.â€
It is understood that the cultural relics currently being repaired include the Yuhu spring bottle and double stream pots of the Song Dynasty, and some ancient books of the Qing Dynasty are also in urgent need of repair. There are engravings and printings in the Qing Dynasty, such as the "The Qianlong Tomb Engraved in the Suihua Pavilion". Posts.
Restoration of cultural relics was carried out on June 15. The sun was blazing, and the high temperature of 34°C made people speak too hot. However, in a small old courtyard in Sansui, trivial restoration of cultural relics is intensifying.
“This is the cultural relics of the Song Dynasty temple sites discovered in the Meishan district some time ago. Because many of them are fragments, we are undergoing repairs. In three months, we will complete nearly 200 pieces of cultural relics.†Liu Liangyong stopped the tool in hand and told reporters. Liu Liangyong said that he and the other two technicians who repaired artifacts are just like surgeons. They use special methods to perform operations on damaged cultural relics so that they can restore their old style.
"We only spliced ​​the pot for a week." He placed the porcelain jar under a lamp and carefully examined the tightness of each joint. “Each scrap is unique, and every piece of mosaic will be searched from thousands of pieces. Only parts that cannot be found will be replaced with gypsum.†Liu Liangyong holds a porcelain can that he has just finished repairing. The cotton swab rubs a little dirt off the can.
It is reported that the excavation of the last archaeological site ended, and the fragments of the artifacts arrived in batches in Susan. The smallest piece of debris was only the size of the fingernail, and the largest was the size of the basin.
“First, we must pick out the same piece of cultural relics from tens or hundreds of pieces.†At a large table in the studio, the reporter saw a pile of ceramic fragments, namely pots, incense burners, and plates. Bowls and other artifacts mouth, feet and other different parts. Liu Liangyong looked at this carefully and took a look at it. After a while, he divided the pile of debris into several piles.
“The selection of films should be done from the rough to the fine. First, through the knowledge and experience of the cultural relics accumulated by the filmmaker for many years, the fragments should be roughly classified according to the characteristics of the times; then the fragments should be further sorted by looking at the shape; then the fragments should be observed. The ornamentation drawn on the painting will be used to group the stylized rendering style and the patchwork with the same hue; for the grouped fragments, it is also necessary to carefully examine the texture of the fracture surface. The fragments with different texture and thickness do not naturally belong to the same artifact, Liu Liangyong said.
The reporter saw that there have been dozens of relics that have been repaired, such as bowls for drinking tea in the Song Dynasty, oysters (now guagua), tea pots, and binaural jars.
"Jigsaw Puzzle" is divided into six steps: excavation, washing, glueing, plastering, gypsum dressing, etc.. The outsiders seem to be simple, but the restoration of the cultural relics is definitely not a mechanical repair. “It is like doing a jigsaw puzzle.†Liu Liangyong used pottery as an example to brief reporters on the process of cultural relics repair.
The first step, cleaning. First wash the pottery with clean water, and wash out the soluble salts attached to the pottery pieces to reduce potential safety hazards that may occur to pottery in the future.
The second step, reinforcement. Some pottery pieces are soft and soft, and in order to increase the strength of the pottery, they are usually reinforced with polymer materials and dried.
The third step, stitching. Find the edge of the mouth or the bottom first and stick them one by one. One of the glues is the door, “the university asks,†and the glue between the two pieces of pottery cannot be too much, and more will be stained on the surface, but not too little and less sticky.
The fourth step, complementing. After splicing is completed, it is often impossible to form a complete artifact, and some parts are still missing. At this time, it is necessary to use plaster to repair the missing part and restore the original shape of the artifact.
The fifth step, trimming. Greasing and trimming the gypsum matching part with sandpaper to make the surface of the article look completely clean.
Step six, do the old. Among the repairs, the most difficult is to do the old treatment, not only to protect the cultural relics from damage, but also to maintain the coordination of the appearance and color of the cultural relics. This is a detailed task. In order to maintain the consistency of the color, the repairer must repeatedly paint the paint. When the colors were tuned, we began to dig into the old: the toothbrush was stained with pigment, and the scalpel was quickly scraped with a scalpel to spray the paint on the surface of the pottery. In this way, the restoration of a pottery was completed.
“It's summer, it's dry time, it's good for repairs. So we have to seize the time, and with the other digging points, we have a lot of responsibility to repair.â€
However, for some cultural relics, there are only a few fragments. For these artifacts, molds are required. "Making molds with plasticine is the easiest way," the staff member Zhang told reporters.
“First use a piece of plasticine to put it in a plastic bag, place it in the interior of the cultural relics, press hard to get the “intrinsic film†of the artifacts, and then use another piece of plasticine to wrap it around the artifacts so that you can get the “outer membrane†of the artifacts. Dry the two plastic clays and dry them. After overlapping, add gypsum to the gaps. Finally, you can get the molds that the outer film wants. For some of the more complicated molds, we use cement.â€
It is understood that the cultural relics currently being repaired include the Yuhu spring bottle and double stream pots of the Song Dynasty, and some ancient books of the Qing Dynasty are also in urgent need of repair. There are engravings and printings in the Qing Dynasty, such as the "The Qianlong Tomb Engraved in the Suihua Pavilion". Posts.
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